Generics
Type parameters, wildcards, bounded types, and type erasure in Java.
Annotations
Built-in and custom annotations, retention policies, and annotation processing.
Enums
Defining and using enum types, methods, and enum patterns.
Records
Compact data carriers introduced in Java 16.
Sealed Classes
Restricting class hierarchies with sealed types and permits.
Lambda Expressions
Functional interfaces, lambda syntax, and method references.
Functional Interfaces
Built-in functional interfaces in java.util.function.